What does a map primarily provide in relation to the earth's surface?

A map primarily functions as a graphic representation of geographic information, utilizing colors, symbols, and lines to depict various features of the earth's surface. This visual approach allows users to quickly grasp the layout and relationships between different geographical elements, such as landforms, bodies of water, roads, and political boundaries.

By employing graphical elements, maps can communicate a wide array of information in a concise manner, making them invaluable tools for navigation, planning, and spatial analysis. The use of colors can indicate different types of terrain or land use, while symbols can represent specific points of interest, making it easier for individuals to interpret and understand the represented area at a glance.

While other options may offer valuable information, they do not encapsulate the primary function of maps as effectively as the graphical representation aspect does. Therefore, option B accurately captures the essential purpose of a map in providing a visual overview of the earth's surface.