What is the first step in orienting a map?

Determining the direction of magnetic north is essential as the first step in orienting a map because it establishes a reference point from which all other orientations can be made. Maps are typically oriented to true north, but in practical navigation, especially in the field, understanding magnetic north is crucial. This ensures that the user can make accurate directional decisions based on the magnetic field, which can differ slightly from true north due to magnetic declination. Once magnetic north is established, the next steps can be effectively followed; the map can then be rotated, and the compass can be used accurately to align with the terrain.

While other steps may follow, such as aligning the straight edge with the compass or rotating the map until the compass arrow aligns, these actions are dependent on first knowing where magnetic north lies. Checking the compass reading is a component of this process, but it ultimately revolves around accurately locating magnetic north as the foundational step in orienting any map.